While playing this the other day, I discovered something very disappointing about the GOG release of this game. The rocket parts, lunariuam bases, etc. are always in the same places - where it is supposed to be randomized each game.

My guess is that the emulator is using a "save state" to start the game right off at the title screen. (Since normally there would be a few moments of loading time while displaying the Amiga OS CLI screen and also they might be doing this to skip a "crack-tro") And by using this save state - the game's random elements become pre-set to a specific set of locations. (There's a rocket base in Canada, a lunariuam base in the Congo, etc)

I'm a very dedicated GOG customer (I have 199 games in my library) but I'm disappointed at shoddy releases like this. I know that this isn't being developed by the original designers of the game, but come on, at least get some people who know how the game is supposed to play to at least beta-test the game before it gets released.

I've read for the Defender of the Crown release how it is possible to extract the ADF images and then play it with WINUAE.

How do I go about doing this for Rocket Ranger?

I know there's a lot of ADF's floating around the internet for this game, but what initially made me excited about the GOG release is that this the US release of the game, which all the ADFs I know of online are the European release. (The difference between the releases it that the amount of fuel for the code wheel entry is different - IE there's a code wheel for the US version and a code wheel for the European version. For example, if it takes 23 fuel to go from the US to the Atlantic, it's the US version, if it takes 31 fuel then it's the European version)

I own a boxed copy of the game with the US code wheel so I wanted to be able to play the US version with the real code wheel. (My boxed copy is for the C64 version of the game, and I want to the play the AMIGA version, because it's the best version of the game)

You can use winrar to extract the adf files from RocketRanger.exe.
There's not much to it. Just install WinRar right-click RocketRanger.exe and choose "extract". Also works with Defender of the Crown and Wings. Which is a good thing, since the built in emulation leaves a lot to be desired. Wrong aspect ratio and no visual or speed settings at all.

How to get ADF images from Wings.exe? If I extract I only get two BIN files and no ADF images.

I have the same issue as Vrungel, and I couldn't find anything on how to turn them into readable files.

Try this:
https://github.com/sigboe/extractwings