Howdy! It becomes a robot when the human brain is replaced by a computer. Nope, not unless you replace the part of the brain that makes it human.

Anyway, such possible technologies are still a long way off and may even prove to be impossible ... providing the Earth can continue to support humanity long enough.

Aliette de Bodard (known by works such as In a Red Station, Drifting) wrote a tale relevant to the questions posed. The Waiting Stars. No need to give spoilers, but it is good. This tale is placed in the same Xuya universe of Red Station. Among other themes, she deals with the contrast between cultures, in the far future where interestellar travel exists, yet her stories weave a dream that brings forth truths and points of view that are relevant to all of us.

https://aliettedebodard.com/short-stories/the-waiting-stars/

By the way, you know that Asimov dealt with the exact opposite in The Bicentennial Man, do you?

They made a movie on it featuring Robin Williams, too.

I guess the only debatable element, is your consciousness or perhaps soul as some would label it.

You could replace every part of a human with something manufactured, but if you retain the brain, is would be classed a cyborg.

If however, you can somehow clone the brain with everything that makes you you intact, then whether that clone was computer based or some kind of manufactured biology, you might have something called a robot or it might still be a cyborg. It would be hard to claim you are still human in anything other than thought maybe. And perhaps anything called humanity would just be a program at that point.

We certainly have research currently happening, with the hope of being able to transfer human consciousness to another machine or body. What isn't yet known, is whether we each truly have a soul independent of our physical being, or whether our personality is just a brain developed pattern.

Are ghosts or spirits true in essence, that can be captured and housed if so.