Basically, the game represents some armchair intellectual's opinion on war ans survival situations. Just like the game itself, the game point of view is black and white, and killing a "good" person means the team immediately plummets to emo-style depression, why killing an "evil" looter or bandit carries no repercussion.
However, if you read memoirs of people who survived war or been in survival situations, the peacetime morality is washed away by a few weeks of war. People become hardened, they stop caring about dead strangers, especially if it means you get the food or medications you need to survive. And when you encounter somebody in an abandoned house during the night, you shoot first and ask questions later (in the game, everyone talks all the time, so that you can distinguish between "good" and "bad", which is quite amusing).
Survival situations are not so much about morality, but about taking risks. Unnecessary risks mean deaths or wounds you may not recover from, or at the very least loss of life-critical supplies.
And the characters in the game take tons of stupid risks - they run off with a stranger to "help her husband" (in real life, those situations would be 90 percent ambushes), they open doors to strangers, let them peek inside (most of the "traders" would be in fact spotters for armed gangs, who would not just "take a few things", but kill everyone inside), or even accept them into the group without knowing zilch about them.
Also, very logical improvisations are not possible - for example, only one person can scavenge, which seriously limits the influx of much needed materials, and disadvantages larger groups. If the group has only a few things, it would be more logical to hide them in a stash, with everyone leaving to scavenge. Potential looters would find just and empty, ruined house, and you would spare yourself a risky encounter.
Also, investing "filters" into getting ridiculously small amounts of water is not very convincing. If it is a filter from rain, rainwater can be caught into almost anything, and then boiled. If it's not rain, what does the "filter" do exactly?