Great, I had already typed up a longer reply and when I wanted to post it, it was swallowed by the GOG forums. Anyway ...
Thanks for the explanation! It seems like everything is still working fine on my end then. In other games the aspect ratio is kept. So apparently it's just that GOG has stopped to toggle on that aspect option for old DOS games by default, like they did before. I tested it with the current offline installers for Might and Magic 4+5, Ravenloft: Strahd's Possession, Ultima Underword and Eye of the Beholder. At least with my monitor and resolution, while the image does look slightly distorted, the difference doesn't immediately leap out at you though if you don't have a direct comparison and don't pay attention to it (see attached screenshots). I don't know whether whoever configured these games thought they were supposed to look like that or whether they assumed modern players wouldn't care of even notice.
Btw, I've also noticed that GOG seems to have stopped to put a DOSBox Configuration link in the game folder, along with the "Launch ..." link. You can still find the GOGDOSConfig.exe in the DOSBOX subfolder, but without the link, you have to attach it to the Windows Start menu first, before you can run it. (From what I hear, you can still access the Configurator in the optional Galaxy client easily enough ... ;P )