I am getting this error with a fresh install on a fresh setup of Windows 7 (this is my current license). I used to use a Windows Vista setup, but that compy died on me. I currently use Linux MINT with a Virtual Box of Windows, but I am getting this error even with a straight up boot partition of Windows. The updater does work, just not the game. I have found references to this exact error on the Klei Entertainment forum, but the fix assumes one is using the Steam version:

"Re-install vcredist in folder C:\Program Files\Steam\steamapps\common\dont_starve\VCRedist.exe

Re-install DXSETUP in folder C:\Program Files\Steam\steamapps\common\dont_starve\DXRedist.exe

After doing these two steps, run the game again"

I am aware that those are Microsoft installers, and I have manually downloaded and installed them. The error still persists. Any ideas would be appreciated.

Tried with no improvement. I have managed to dig up my old Win XP installation CD and key, but so far that isn't working with the game either (at least as a virtual box).

Still tinkering with it to see if I can figure it out.

I think I have it figured out. For whatever reason, my 1 GB video card is only registering as a 128 MB video card. Since the game requires 256 MB of video memory, I suspect that's the culprit. Now I just have to figure out why my video card isn't recognizing it's full potential anymore, and/or if I need to replace it.

I still dont understand what i have to do either.. to fix this problem?!..

There is another possible cause to this problem: Apparently Don't Starve requires a very specific version of DirectX, available at:

www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8109

If you do not have this version, the game will not work, even if you have a newer version.